Bookmark



Sept. 25 1923 3,469,163-

R. MALLINA BOOKMARK Filed OCT'. 9. 1922 NVENTU HM4LLIM4 TTUNE ther modified 'orm.

Ysotented Sept. 25, i923.

removed without 'diiliculty BOOKMARK.

g RUDOLF Mamma,- or SAO PAULO; Banaan. Y'

Applications-la October 9,1922.' s er1a1'iro-f5iea4t'a,

To aZZ/whomt't may cof/acera:

Be it knownthat l, Rnnonn Munari.; a

citizen of the VRe Jublic oii'iustria Yand aV resident oli Sao Paulo, Brazil; haveinvented .new and useful Bookmarks, oil which the Vthe readerstopped reading, but which also holds the leaves of the book in position while the book fisbeing' read, Vwhile yin'nowa'y interfering with the turning'overo the leaves .of the book.v My device may be either per- Vmane'ntlyrsecuredto a book or constructed in such a way that it, can beslipped on and rlhe preferred forms omy book-mark `arel illustrated inthe .accompanying drawing, in

which,Figure 1 Yshows one form of my bookmark detached from the book; Figure 2the same form in its operative position in con- ,nection with a book; Figure 3 a modied form of my book-mark; Figure 4l the latter form secured 'to a book, and Figure a tur- While l have shown.V only a few forms vin which-the principle of my invention may be expressed, l wish to have .it understood that various changes or, modifications may be made within the scope of the claims hereto attached without departing Jfrom the spirit of the invention.

The torni illustrated in Figure 1 shows a base (1) and a holding member (2)..` The base (1) is made of a single piece of wire bent into triangular shapel so as to present two sides (3) and (4) of even length and a top member (6), a central portion (7) of which is bent inwardly in U-shaped form.

The apex (8) Vof the triangle is secured to a Vbutton (9) from which extends the holding member (2). The base described thus aris secured to the cover of the book as shown in Figure 2; the cover being clamped between the U-shaped member (7 on theoutside of the coverand the triangle on itsV inside so that the button (9) isV disposed at a given distance from the edge of the cover. I preferably use the top edge of the rear cover for holding the device.

The holding member (2) comprises a piece of elastic wire. one end of which is secured Y to the button (9) while the other end extends V ing it'so that it slips and is provided` withaf'linger pointing inwardly adaptedl to` .beplacedtonl top of a block or leaves. The use of thisrd'eyice is vwell Villustrated* inliigure2"fromjvhich it will be, seen thatthe 'body part of the .holding mem! befr remains incontactfwith thefcover andv underneatnthe block 'of leaves, while the finger (12) rests on' toplo-the'leaves.

u rasata substantially paral'lelfto the edgeot the book,l i'

indoing so the w Ole wireis slightly twistedfout oi" itsf'shaiaefand thus hasaftorsional' tendencyV Vto returnfto itsoriginal"position, whereby the leavesfarejheld under tension. Thistension is snlhcienttoprevent a turning over or" the leaves by'suchgagencies as might interfere with the readingjto'f'i'a book incomfort. 'as vtor inst-ance,l thef' natural tendency ot the leaves ci new book "to close, orlight air currents strikingrthe leave'SQQasmight happen' `when the V4book. is i bein-g read l out of doors or vwhile riding in a'car'. Alt the'sa'me timethe tension is not sufficiently strong to prevent a turning overoi the leaves by the.

reader vsincctthe latter in tiirning a leat1 will naturally null downen the same before turnrom under the finger (12) readily.

The inodication shownin Figures?) and Il differs from the one thus ardescribed only in the constructionk of the base (13) which in this case is made ot a solidv plate, nrefer.;

ablv otA strongimetal, the upper edge of which isfturnedonfitseli3 as shown at (14), whereby the clamping action is obtained. A recess (16) in the plate allowsl of easy access v V,to the best over porti on(17) which facilii tates the securing of the lbase to the book cover.V i 7 The modiiication shown in `Figure 5 is de-` signed for the purpose-oit presenting a book- -mark that may be permanently secured to asv the cover oi" the book. Its base consists preft erably of a plate(18) of strong paper or cardboard which maybe 'pasted to the cover of the book, and order to secure a firm hold for the holdingfmember (2) the latter is provided with an extension (19) lbent as at (21) so as to follow the outlines of the nlate (1 '8)and embedded therein.A It will be readily seen from 'the foregoing descrip.-

tion that this book-mark may be 'constructed very economically and relies for'its .action principally on the torsionalv tension createdV i in a piece "oi:v elastic wirejby twisting the same. y"lt utilizes thel properties of such at wire to thel best advantage and exercises a pressure on the leaves to be held just su- K a `finger thereon orholding a block of leaves i under torsional tension.

2. A book mark comprising a basesecured to the inside of a book cover and a resilient member rigidly secured thereto slanting relatively to the side edge of the book cover and extending upwardly beyond the upper edgesfofthebook leaves, an arm formed integral with said member and arranged at an angle of substantially less than ninety degrees relatively-to said memberand running substantially parallel to the upper edge of the book'coven and a iinger carried by said member and arrangedat an angleto the latter, said member arm and i'inger' functioning to hold ablock ofleave's under torsionalrtension. f

A book mark includino' `a singlerpiece of 4Wire having its lower'en connected to a readies book cover, said Wire Vextending upvvardly from lits lower end to the upperv edge of the bookcover and arranged at an inclination relatively to the side edge of the book cover, the upper portion of said Wire being bent at an angle of substantially less than ninety degrees tok forni an arm f running substantially parallel to the upper edge ofthe book,

and a finger formed of saidyvire and arrangedat anangle to the arm for holding a block of leaves under torsional tension..

4. vA bookmark including a base provided with a clip havinga central portion de'- ,signe'd to engage one "sideof a book: vcover `and with side portions adapted to'iengage the OPPOSite side Vof 'the 'book cover,frelatively long connecting portions arra'ngediba Vtween the ,central portion and the side .por-

tions yto permitthe central and side portions*` y to be placed under torsional strain, and a substantially iff-shaped `leat.` engagin'g member connected to said base.

' 5.` A book mark including abase provided with a substantially triangular shaped clip, the base'oi.z the ltriangle beingprovided .With

afdependingjportion arranged 'between the sides of the triangle and extending toward Y the apex of the triangle, and a'le'at engaging member connected to said base..

RUDOLF MALLIN'A- 

